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William Fairbridge
William Ernest Fairbridge JP (2 November 1863 – 5 October 1943) was a newspaper publisher and municipal official during the early British occupation of Rhodesia. A man, "whose indomitable pluck in the face of endless discouragements deserves an honourable place in the history of journalistic enterprise," he published Rhodesia's first newspaper, the ''Mashonaland Herald and Zambesian Times'' in 1891. He also served as the first Mayor of Salisbury in 1897. He subsequently became a leading publishing executive with the Argus group of Newspapers in South Africa.
== Early life and career ==
William Ernest Fairbridge was the son of William Alexander Fairbridge of Port Elizabeth. He was born on 2 November 1863 and was educated at Bedford Modern School in England. In 1890 he was appointed by the Argus Group of newspapers as the company's representative in Rhodesia and duly set out on a six month journey on a scotch cart drawn by oxen from Mafeking to Fort Salisbury.〔H.E. Vipan,''A Register of Old Boys of the Bedford Modern School'' (Bedford, no date), p. li〕
Undeterred by the absence of even the most rudimentary printing equipment Fairbridge published the first issue of the ''Mashonaland Herald and Zambesian Times'' on 27 June 1891. The publication was a hand-written news sheet that was reproduced by a Cyclostyle, or early stenograph, process. Fairbridge had no ink and so had to make it himself. He also had to source paper for each edition as he had brought no supply of his own. He supported the venture by readers' subscriptions which could take the form of a pot of marmalade, a box of candles or an old spade.
Although the ''Mashonaland Herald'' was inevitably of variable quality, its success demonstrated the demand for a Rhodesian newspaper. Fairbridge re-launched the ''Mashonaland Herald'' as the ''Rhodesia Herald'' in 1892. This was a printed newspaper, and he followed this by founding the ''Bulawayo Chronicle'' in 1894. Both publications remain as the two longest established newspapers in Zimbabwe
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